What is periodontitis?
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the tissues supporting the teeth caused by specific bacteria. The disease destroys the periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone, forming periodontal pockets, causing gum recession and tooth loosening. If left untreated, periodontitis is one of the leading causes of tooth loss in adults.
Periodontitis often progresses silently through several stages, from mild gingivitis to severe damage, leading to bone loss, severe gum recession, and permanent tooth loss.
Causes of periodontal disease
Common factors that lead to periodontal disease include:
- Plaque and tartar accumulate over time if not cleaned.
- Misaligned and crowded teeth make oral hygiene difficult.
- Improper or infrequent oral hygiene
- Smoking, prolonged stress
- Systemic diseases such as diabetes
- Hormonal changes (pregnancy, perimenopause, and menopause)
Symptoms of periodontitis
People with periodontal disease often have the following symptoms:
- Swollen, red gums that bleed easily when brushing teeth or chewing.
- Persistent bad breath that is difficult to improve with regular hygiene.
- Receding gums expose the tooth roots, causing sensitivity.
- Loose teeth, from mild to severe.
- Periodontal pockets or pockets of pus appear between the teeth and gums.
Differentiating between gingivitis and periodontitis
| Criteria | Gingivitis | Periodontitis |
|---|---|---|
| Stage | Early | Evolution |
| Scope of damage | Only in gingival tissue | Affects the alveolar bone as well. |
| Loss of attachment (periodontal pockets) | Do not have | Yes |
| Treatment methods | Basic periodontal treatment | Advanced periodontal treatment |
| Recovery ability | Easy to recover from if treated early. | Difficult to fully recover |
| Complications | Little | This can lead to tooth loss. |
Who is susceptible to periodontal disease?
Periodontitis is common in the following groups:
- People over 35 years old
- People who smoke or drink alcohol regularly
- People with crooked or crowded teeth that are difficult to clean
- People who are wearing braces but not cleaning their teeth properly
- People with diabetes or high blood pressure
- Pregnant women or women in menopause
Treatment of periodontal disease at Viet Anh Dental Clinic
At Viet Anh Dental Clinic, dentists will treat periodontal disease following this procedure:
Step 1: The doctor examines the patient, takes X-rays to check the oral condition, and advises on treatment.
Step 2: Treatment of periodontal disease depends on the specific stage of the disease.
Step 3: Instructions on proper oral care after treatment.
Treatment methods:
Deep Teeth Cleaning
- Purpose: To completely remove plaque and tartar buildup above and below the gum line, areas that a toothbrush cannot reach.
- Procedure: The dentist will use specialized instruments (ultrasonic, hand instruments) to scrape away plaque and smooth the tooth surface.
Periodontal Surgery
- Purpose: To remove periodontal pockets, regenerate gingival tissue, and clean the alveolar bone.
- Types of surgery:
Bone grafting: For cases of significant alveolar bone loss. - Gum grafting: For cases of significant gingival recession.
- Gum excision: Removal of excess gum tissue to facilitate better oral hygiene.
Endodontic Treatment
Purpose: To treat pulpitis caused by widespread periodontal disease.
Procedure: The dentist will remove the infected pulp and seal the root canal.
Supportive Treatment
- Antibiotics: Used to kill disease-causing bacteria.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs: Reduce swelling and inflammation of the gums.
- Mouthwash: Helps clean the oral cavity and prevent bacterial growth.
Proper oral hygiene: Brush your teeth at least twice a day, for two minutes each time, and use dental floss and mouthwash.
Regular dental check-ups: Every six months for early detection and treatment.
Don’t let periodontal disease silently destroy your smile and health. Take proactive steps to care for your gums starting today. Viet Anh Dental Clinic is ready to accompany you in comprehensive, safe, and effective examination, consultation, and treatment of periodontal disease.
